COURSE OBJECTIVES
- To enable students to learn fundamentals of hydraulic engineering, particularly related to open channel flow, flow through pipes, dam and river engineering.
- To enhance the capabilities of students related to irrigation engineering and canal network.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES (CLO)
CLO: 1. to analyze the state of flow in open channels by using the concept of specific energy and assess design parameters for cross drainage works.
CLO: 2. to design barrages for alluvial rivers and gravity driven irrigation system for earthen canals.
CLO: 3. to justify and defend his/her assigned design for a specific project of open channel.
CLO: 4. to perform and demonstrate solutions to various Hydraulic problems using MS Excel/ Computer programs
COURSE CONTENTS
- Steady Flow in Open Channel
- Specific energy and critical depth
- Dynamic equation of gradually varied flow, surface profiles and back water curves
- Humps and constrictions
- Hydraulic jump
- Broad crested weirs, venturi flume and critical depth meters
- Unsteady Flow
- Flow through pipes, orifices and over weirs under varying heads
- Unsteady flow through pipe lines, water hammer, instantaneous and slow closure of valves
- Surges in open channel
- Dams and Hydro Power Engineering
- Selection of hydropower sites
- Components and layout of hydropower schemes
- Types of storage dams, forces on dams, design of gravity dams
- Reservoir engineering, operation and regulation of storage reservoirs
- Sediment Transport in Channels
- Sedimentation Problems in Reservoirs
- Canal Irrigation
- Elementary concept about canal head works, selection of their site and layout, weirs and barrages, various components and functions
- Measures adopted to control silt entry into canals, silt ejectors and excluders
- Design of weirs on permeable foundations, sheet piles and cut off walls
- Design of irrigation channels
- Kennedy’s and Lacey’s Theories
- Rational methods for design of irrigation channels
- Comparison of various methods
- Barrages and Headworks
- Canal head regulators, falls, flumes, canal outlets
- Cross drainage works: types and functions
- Canal lining: advantages and types
- Maintenance of irrigation canals
- Monitoring of flows-telemetry system
- Water logging and salinity
- Causes and effects of water logging, reclamation of water logged soils
- Drains and tube wells
- Causes and effects of salinity and alkalinity of lands in Pakistan
- Reclamation methods
- Drainage network in irrigated areas
- Drainage
- Definition, Land reclamation
- Surface Drainage
- Subsurface Drainage
- Estimation of discharge capacity of Cross-drainage structures
- Disposal of drainage effluents
- Design using Software
- Computer aided design of irrigation channels